ScienceDaily.com Newsletter

"Your source for the latest research news."

Views expressed in this science and technology update are those of the reporters and correspondents.  Accessed on 17 October 2024, 0127 UTC. 

Content and Source:  https://www.sciencedaily.com/newsletters

Please check link or scroll down to read your selections.  Thanks for joining us today.

Russ Roberts (https://hawaiisciencejournal.blogspot.com).

	Forwarded this email? Subscribe here for more ScienceDaily: All - October 16, 2024 Today's top research news OCT 16   READ IN APP   Rangers lead ground-breaking effort to monitor Uganda's lion population in critical stronghold New study highlights the vital role of wildlife rangers in lion conservation and identifies Uganda's Nile Delta as a key area for protection. Image: Kirill Dorofeev/Shutterstock.com Seven new frog species discovered in Madagascar: Sounds like something from Star Trek Researchers have discovered seven new species of tree frogs that make otherworldly calls in the rainforests of Madagascar. Their strange, high-pitched whistling calls sound more like sound effects from the sci-fi series Star Trek. As a result, the researchers have named the new species after seven of the series' most iconic captains. New temperatures in two thirds of key tropical forest Two thirds of Key Biodiversity Areas (KBAs) in tropical forests are experiencing new temperature conditions as our climate changes, research shows. Climate change impacts internal migration worldwide The influence of climate change on migration, both current and future, has garnered significant attention from the public and policymakers over the past decade. A new study has provided the first comprehensive analysis of how climate factors -- specifically drought and aridity -- affect internal migration. New test improves diagnosis of allergies Researchers have developed a test to simplify the diagnosis of allergies. Its effectiveness has now been confirmed in clinical samples from children and adolescents suffering from a peanut allergy. The results could fundamentally improve the clinical diagnosis of allergies in future. Older adults appear less emotionally affected by heat When the outside temperatures rise, people tend to lose their cool. That connection is well known, but a new study found that emotional responses to heat are highly individualized and only one factor moderated it -- age. Overall, researchers found that the actual temperature at which the majority of people felt uncomfortable during a hot summer depended on the individual. When they did feel discomfort, it often negatively affected their mood. The exception: older adults on average became more uncomfortable in high heat more quickly, but it did not affect their mood as much as it did younger adults. Study uncovers how silkworm moth's odor detection may improve robotics Researchers explore how the domesticated flightless silkworm moth (Bombyx mori), a prominent insect model in olfactory research, uses wing flapping to manipulate airflow, enhancing their ability to detect distant pheromones. These findings highlight how moths guide pheromones to their odor sensors in antennae, and suggest potential applications for designing advanced robotic systems for odor source localization. This could inspire future innovations in drones and provide design guidelines for robots to locate odor sources. Researchers develop system cat's eye-inspired vision for autonomous robotics Researchers have unveiled a vision system inspired by feline eyes to enhance object detection in various lighting conditions. Featuring a unique shape and reflective surface, the system reduces glare in bright environments and boosts sensitivity in low-light scenarios. By filtering unnecessary details, this technology significantly improves the performance of single-lens cameras, representing a notable advancement in robotic vision capabilities. Computer simulations point the way towards better solar cells More stable and efficient materials for solar cells are needed in the green transition. So-called halide perovskites are highlighted as a promising alternative to today's silicon materials. Researchers have gained new insights into how perovskite materials function, which is an important step forward. Comprehensive efforts needed to develop health-promoting learning environments Mental ill-health among students in higher education is a growing problem globally. Most efforts implemented to address ill-health involve individual treatment and adjustments to pedagogy. But more can and needs to be done at a structural or environmental level for higher education institutions to ensure learning and well-being among all students. Tube sock-like skunk covers more ground than deer, impacted by winter weather, study finds A study in the Cascade Range in Oregon of a tiny, elusive skunk found the animal can cover more ground than deer and is sensitive to climate change, particularly severe winter weather. US air pollution monitoring network has gaps in coverage, say researchers The lack of air-quality monitoring capabilities across the U.S. affects the health of millions of people and disproportionately impacts minority and low socioeconomic-status communities, say researchers. Motivated by a new U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) standard for air pollution, the team employed a model for fine-scale air pollution mapping using real-world data, and it indicates there is an urgent need to address gaps in the agency's monitoring network. Large-scale study of children with genetic disorders finds huge benefit of diagnosis Genetic results from the Deciphering Developmental Disorders (DDD) study have enabled thousands of children with severe developmental disorders to receive better treatment. How do you remember how to ride a bike? Thank your cerebellum Researchers have shown that, just like declarative memories, short-term and long-term memories for motor skills form in different regions of the brain, with the cerebellum being critical for the formation of long-term skill memories. Bonobos may be more vulnerable than previously thought, suggests genetics study Bonobos, endangered great apes that are among our closest relatives, might be more vulnerable than previously understood, finds a genetics study that reveals three distinct populations. Scientists discover chemical probes for previously 'undruggable' cancer target Hormone-driven cancers, like those of the breast and prostate, often rely on a tricky-to-target protein called Forkhead box protein 1 (FOXA1). FOXA1 mutations can enable these types of cancers to grow and proliferate. Today, FOXA1 is notoriously difficult to block with drugs -- but that may soon change. Scientists have identified a crucial binding site on FOXA1 that could pave the way for future cancer treatments. The team's findings also mapped out how tiny drug-like chemical compounds -- called small molecules -- interact with the protein. Arthropods dominate plant litter decomposition in drylands An analysis of leaf litter breakdown in climatically diverse habitats shows that decomposition by larger invertebrates dominates in hot, dry regions and warmer seasons. Researchers have shown that larger insects such as woodlice and beetles play as much of a crucial role in leaf litter decomposition across different habitats and seasons as microbes and smaller invertebrates. Major step toward fully 3D-printed active electronics Researchers produced 3D-printed, semiconductor-free logic gates, which perform computations in active electronic devices. As they don't require semiconductor materials, they represent a step toward 3D printing an entire active electronic device. Alzheimer's disease may damage the brain in two phases Alzheimer's disease may damage the brain in two distinct phases, based on new research using sophisticated brain mapping tools. According to researchers who discovered this new view, the first, early phase happens slowly and silently -- before people experience memory problems -- harming just a few vulnerable cell types. In contrast, the second, late phase causes damage that is more widely destructive and coincides with the appearance of symptoms and the rapid accumulation of plaques, tangles, and other Alzheimer's hallmarks. Immune signatures may predict adverse events from immunotherapy Distinct immune 'signatures' in patients who develop adverse events while taking immunotherapy for cancer may help oncologists identify patients at risk and treat them early to prevent serious side effects, suggests a new study. Survey finds 25% of adults suspect they have undiagnosed ADHD Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder -- also known as ADHD -- is typically thought of as a childhood condition. But more adults are realizing that their struggles with attention, focus and restlessness could in fact be undiagnosed ADHD, thanks in large part to trending social media videos racking up millions of views. A new national survey of 1,000 American adults finds that 25% of adults now suspect they may have undiagnosed ADHD. But what worries mental health experts is that only 13% of survey respondents have shared their suspicions with their doctor. Traces of ancient immigration patterns to Japan found in 2000-year-old genome A joint research group has demonstrated that the majority of immigration to the Japanese Archipelago in the Yayoi and Kofun periods (between 3000 BCE and 538 CE) came from the Korean Peninsula. The researchers analyzed the complete genome of a 'Yayoi' individual and found that, among the non-Japanese populations, the results bore the most similarity to Korean populations. Although it is widely accepted that modern Japanese populations have a dual ancestry, the discovery provides insight into the details of immigration patterns to the archipelago that have eluded scientists thus far. Let there be light: Bright future for solar panels, TV screens and more From brighter TV screens to better medical diagnostics and more efficient solar panels, new research has discovered how to make more molecules stick to the surface of tiny nanocrystals, in a breakthrough that could lead to improvements in everyday technology. Scientists have successfully bred corals to improve their heat tolerance A new study has shown that selective breeding can lead to a modest rise in coral heat tolerance. The study documents the world s first effort to selectively breed adult corals for enhanced heat tolerance, i.e. the ability of adult corals to survive intense marine heatwaves. The breeding effort was a success, showing that it is possible to improve the heat tolerance of adult coral offspring, even in a single generation. Adaptability of trees persists after millions of years of climate change Seven of the most common forest trees in Europe have been shown to be able to shelter their genetic diversity from major shifts in environmental conditions. This is despite their ranges having shrunk and the number of trees having fallen sharply during ice age cycles. Protein involved in balancing DNA replication and restarting found A protein that is involved in determining which enzymes cut or unwind DNA during the replication process has been identified. Changing watering practices to improve tomato plant health Some people believe that talking to your plants makes them thrive. While there's limited scientific support for sound improving plant health, there's a growing amount of evidence about the benefits of mechanical stimulation, like touch, wind or rain. Researchers examined the impact of watering practices on tomato plants. They found that the size of the water droplets affected plant growth and resistance to pests and pathogens. Six proteins implicated in early-onset preeclampsia Preeclampsia is a life-threatening pregnancy complication marked by persistent high blood pressure that is even more serious when it occurs early in the first trimester. The exact cause of early-onset preeclampsia is unknown, and it is difficult to predict, prevent and diagnose. Now researchers report on six proteins that could be used as targets to diagnose and treat the condition. Ancient 3D paper art, kirigami, could shape modern wireless technology The future of wireless technology -- from charging devices to boosting communication signals -- relies on the antennas that transmit electromagnetic waves becoming increasingly versatile, durable and easy to manufacture. Researchers believe kirigami, the ancient Japanese art of cutting and folding paper to create intricate three-dimensional designs, could provide a model for manufacturing the next generation of antennas. Study finds use of naloxone by Good Samaritans is up, but not nearly enough Use of a lifesaving drug to reverse opioid drug overdoses is growing, but not fast enough. Smaller vial size for Alzheimer's drug could save Medicare hundreds of millions per year Medicare could save up to 74% of the money lost from discarded Alzheimer's drug lecanemab by the simple introduction of a new vial size that would reduce the amount of unused medication that is thrown away. As it is, nearly 6% of the medication is discarded, costing Medicare $1,600 per patient per year. Want fewer emails or prefer certain topics? Manage your subscription preferences. Further Explore Visit ScienceDaily for your latest research news. Enjoyed this newsletter? Share the knowledge with your friends and colleagues! Share   RESTACK   © 2024 ScienceDaily 1 Research Court, Suite 450, Rockville, MD 20850 Unsubscribe