Thursday, June 6, 2024

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ScienceDaily: All - June 06, 2024

Today's top research news

 
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Oral insulin drops offer relief for diabetes patients

Diabetes rates continue to rise. Scientists have now created a pain-free drug delivery method to help people with diabetes manage the disease and maintain their health more easily. Researchers have developed oral insulin drops that when placed under the tongue are quickly and efficiently absorbed by the body, potentially replacing the need for insulin injections.

Image: Proxima Studio/Shutterstock.com


AIs are irrational, but not in the same way that humans are

Large Language Models behind popular generative AI platforms like ChatGPT gave different answers when asked to respond to the same reasoning test and didn't improve when given additional context, finds a new study.


Blood sausages and yak milk: Bronze Age cuisine of Mongolian nomads unveiled

Bronze cauldrons were used by the inhabitants of the Mongolian steppe around 2,700 years ago to process animal blood and milk. This is shown by a protein analysis of archaeological finds from this period.


Genetics study points to potential treatments for restless leg syndrome

Scientists have discovered genetic clues to the cause of restless leg syndrome, a condition common among older adults. The discovery could help identify those individuals at greatest risk of the condition and point to potential ways to treat it.


Poor quality diet makes our brains sad

Eating a poor quality diet might lead to brain changes that are associated with depression and anxiety. This is according to a first-of-its-kind study into the brain chemistry and structure, and diet quality of 30 volunteers.


A cracking discovery -- eggshell waste can recover rare earth elements needed for green energy

A collaborative team of researchers has made a cracking discovery with the potential to make a significant impact in the sustainable recovery of rare earth elements (REEs), which are in increasing demand for use in green energy technologies. The team found that humble eggshell waste could recover REES from water, offering a new, environmentally friendly method for their extraction.


Higher blood pressure is associated with poorer cognition in adolescence

Adolescents with elevated blood pressure and arterial stiffness may experience poorer cognitive functions, according to a recent study. Young people with higher blood pressure performed worse, especially in tasks that measured attention and learning. In addition, arterial stiffness was reflected in weaker working memory. In view of the findings, the importance of preventing high blood pressure and arterial stiffness in childhood and adolescence is emphasized.


Climate change will make ozone pollution worse: Here's how

A new study finds climate change is likely to make upward spikes of ozone at ground level worse by 2050, which could result in many parts of the United States falling out of compliance with air quality standards and increasing risks to public health.


Great news, parents: You do have power over your tweens' screen use

For many parents, it can feel like curbing kids' screen use is a losing battle. But new research has found the parenting practices that work best to curb screen time and addictive screen behavior: restricting screens in bedrooms and at mealtimes and modeling healthy practices at home.


AI approach elevates plasma performance and stability across fusion devices

Fusion researchers have successfully deployed machine learning methods to suppress harmful plasma edge instabilities without sacrificing plasma performance.


Unlocking the world around us for next-gen antibiotics

An international research team has found almost a million potential sources of antibiotics in the natural world.


Breaking ground: Could geometry offer a new explanation for why earthquakes happen?

Researchers are adding a new wrinkle to a long-held belief about what causes earthquakes in the first place.


Myelination in the brain may be key to 'learning' opioid addiction

Scientists have found that the process of adaptive myelination, which helps the brain learn new skills, can also promote addiction to opioids.


Electrified charcoal 'sponge' can soak up CO2 directly from the air

Researchers have developed a low-cost, energy-efficient method for making materials that can capture carbon dioxide directly from the air. Researchers used a method similar to charging a battery to instead charge activated charcoal, which is often used in household water filters.


Why do 1 in 10 Americans get eczema? Is it too much salt?

A high sodium diet may increase the risk of eczema, according to researchers, who found that eating just one extra gram of sodium per day increases the likelihood of flares by 22%.


Cannabis use common among patients, with most using it to manage a symptom or health condition

Nearly one in six patients in primary care reported cannabis use, with 35% of those using at levels indicating moderate- to high-risk use disorder. The findings indicate the need for routine cannabis use screening. Currently few healthcare systems offer this screening in primary care settings.


Father's diet before conception influences children's health

A recent study provides new insights into how fathers' diets and overweight can affect their children's health even before conception. The findings of the study can help develop preventive health measures for men wishing to become fathers: The healthier the father's diet, the lower the risk for their children to develop obesity or diseases such as diabetes later in life.


'Weird' new planet retained atmosphere despite nearby star's relentless radiation

A rare exoplanet that should have been stripped down to bare rock by its nearby host star's intense radiation somehow grew a puffy atmosphere instead -- the latest in a string of discoveries forcing scientists to rethink theories about how planets age and die in extreme environments. Nicknamed 'Phoenix' for its ability to survive its red giant star's radiant energy discovered planet illustrates the vast diversity of solar systems and the complexity of planetary evolution -- especially at the end of stars' lives.


Rate of global warming caused by humans at an all-time high, say scientists

Global warming caused by humans is advancing at 0.26 C per decade -- the highest rate since records began, according to new research by over 50 leading international scientists.

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